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  • The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Taekwondo training on leadership and the relationship between the leadership of girl’s middle school students and community spirit and to provide basic materials for various educational program development to nurture leadership that can be used in Taekwondo Gym. In this study, preliminary survey was made on the parents of Taekwondo Gym. This study was performed according to the following study procedures. First, on 250 girl’s middle school students of the students who have been trained in Taekwondo Gym. in Daegu for more than six months were selected through Convenience Sampling and were asked to answer the survey in self-administration method. Among the 250 returned answers, 238 answers exclud-ing insincere or incomplete ones were analyzed as valid samples. Second, statistical verification was made accord-ing to the purpose of material analysis using SPSS Program 23.0. General characteristics were identified by fre-quency analysis and for the reliability verification cronbach's α coefficient was calculated. Taekwondo training factors, leadership skill factors and community spirit factors were analyzed for the factor analysis, while the effects of Taekwondo training factors on the leadership and community spirit factors were analyzed by multi regression analysis. The following conclusions were made according to the above research methods and material analysis methods. First, in the effects of Taekwondo training on leadership skill, emotional factors, living attitude factors influenced decision making factors, and emotional factors, social factors, physical factors and living attitude fac-tors influenced self-understanding factors. Second, in the effects of Taekwondo training on community spirit, so-cial factors and living attitude factors of Taekwondo training influenced altruism factors and emotional factors and social factors influenced social responsibility factors. Third, in the effects of leadership skill on community spirit, self-understanding factors and leadership factors influenced altruism and self-understanding factors influ-enced significantly on social responsibility factors. As such, it was found that Taekonwdo training influenced leadership skill and community spirit.
    Keyword:Girl’s Middle School Students, Taekwondo, Taekwondo Training Leadership, Community Spirit, Mar-tial Arts
  • The purpose of this study is to verify the effects by developing and applying a cognitive behavior therapy pro-gram for improvement of Taekwondo demonstration performance strategies. To achieve the purpose of this study, a program for improvement of Taekwondo demonstration performance strategies is developed through literature review. 9 people voluntarily expressing an intention of participating in this program among demonstration mem-bers of the national team acting in Korean Taekwondo Association were formed as an experimental group, and 10 people were sampled and formed as a control group. Total 10 times of the developed program were applied to the experimental group during 90 minutes∼100 minutes. However, this program was not applied to the control group. As a result of analyzing a difference between the experimental group and the control group to verify the effects of applying a cognitive behavior therapy program, first, there is a statistically meaningful difference between groups in pre and post tests for sports performance strategy test between the experimental group and the control group. After implementation of the program, it showed that condition regulation, setup of image and purpose, easing the tension, and the ability of affect regulation were related to cognitive variable increase in sports per-formance strategies. Second, there is a statistically meaningful difference between groups in pre and post tests for an automatic thinking(negative) test between the experimental group and the control group. Especially, negative automatic thinking decreased in the experimental group a cognitive behavior therapy program was conducted, and this experimental group also showed a statistically meaningful difference. Third, there is a statistically mean-ingful difference between groups in pre and post tests of a dysfunctional beliefs test between the experimental group and the control group. After implementation of a cognitive behavior therapy program, all variables of dys-functional beliefs decreased in the experimental group, and the experimental group also showed a statistically meaningful difference.
    Keyword:Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy Program, Taekwondo Demonstration, Per-formance Strategies, Martial Arts
  • In order to explore changes in the use of judo techniques(Waza) depending on the experience of winning com-petitions and being selected as representative players of judo players at elementary, middle, and high schools and universities, a survey of self-administration method on the judo player population of Daegu and Gyeongbuk province as of 2020 based on convenience sampling was conducted, and the following conclusions were reached with 198 surveys as valid samples except for responses that were incomplete or missing among 200 question-naires retrieved. First, differences in offensive techniques depending on the experience of winning competitions were shown as follows. For Te-waza(hand techniques), players with the experience of winning competitions used Tai-otoshi(Body drop), Kata-guruma(Shoulder), and Yama-arashi(Mountain storm) more than those without the experience. For Koshi-waza(hip techniques), players without the experience used O-goshi(Large hip) and Tsuri-goshi(Life-pull hip) more than those with the experience. For Ashi-waza(foot techniques), players with the experience used O-soto-gari(Large outer reaping) and O-uchi-gari(Large inner reaping) more than those without the experience. Second, differences in defensive techniques depending on the experience of winning competitions were shown as follows. For Te-waza(hand techniques), players with the experience used Ryoude-seoi-nage-gaeshi(Both arm shoulder throw counter), Kataude-seoi-nage-gaeshi(one arm shoulder throw counter), Tai-otoshi-gaeshi(Body drop counter), Kata-guruma-gaeshi(Shoulder counter), and Yama-arashi-gaeshi(Mountain storm counter) more than those without the experience. For Koshi-waza(hip techniques), players with the experience used Harai-goshi-gaeshi(Hip sweeping counter), Uki-goshi-gaeshi(Floating hip counter), and Tsuri-goshi-gaeshi(Life-pull hip coun-ter) more than those without the experience. For Ashi-waza(foot techniques), players with the experience used O-soto-gari-gaeshi(Large outer reaping counter) and O-uchi-gari-gaeshi(Large inner reaping counter) more than those without the experience. Third, differences in offensive techniques depending on the experience of being selected as representative play-ers were shown as follows. For Te-waza(hand techniques), players with the experience of being selected as repre-sentative players used Tai-otoshi(Body drop), Kata-guruma(Shoulder), and Yama-arashi(Mountain storm) more than those without the experience. For Koshi-waza(hip techniques), players without the experience of being repre-sentative players used O-goshi(Large hip) and Tsuri-goshi(Life-pull hip) more than those with the experience. For Ashi-waza(foot techniques), players with the experience used O-soto-gari(Large outer reaping) and O-uchi-gari(Large inner reaping) more than those without the experience. Fourth, differences in defensive techniques depending on the experience of being selected as representative players were shown as follows. For Te-waza(hand techniques), players with the experience used Ryoude-seoi-nage-gaeshi(Both arm shoulder throw counter), Kataude-seoi-nage-gaeshi(one arm shoulder throw counter), Tai-otoshi-gaeshi(Body drop counter), Kata-guruma-gaeshi(Shoulder counter), and Yama-arashi-gaeshi(Mountain storm counter) more than those without the experience. For Koshi-waza(hip techniques), players with the experi-ence used Uki-goshi-gaeshi(Floating hip counter) and Tsuri-goshi-gaeshi(Life-pull hip counter) more than those without the experience. For Ashi-waza(foot techniques), players with the experience used O-soto-gari-gaeshi(Large outer reaping counter) and O-uchi-gari-gaeshi(Large inner reaping counter) more than those with-out the experience.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Judo Techniques, Middle School, High School, University
  • The study was conducted with the aim of exploring the motives of college Taekwondo poomsae athletes for participating in the poomsae competitions. To achieve the goal of the study, closed and open type surveys were conducted on 136 college athletes registered with the Korea Taekwondo Association across the country, and the results of analyzing the data collected through the survey are as follows. First, the first time college Taekwondo poomsae athletes participated in a poomsae competition was, 41.91% when they were in high school, 24.26% in middle school, 20.59% in elementary school, and 13.24% in college. Second, they have participated in poomsae competitions 30 or more times(30.88%), 20 or more times(19.12%), 10 or more times(13.24%), 25 or more(11.76%), five or more times(10.29%), 3 or more times(7.35%). Third, the motivational factors for college Taekwondo poomsae athletes to participate in the poomsae competitions were structured into 36 areas, which are grouped into 8 general areas: personal achievements(196), performance improvement(118), personal growth(100), fun(75), recommendation/environment(72), psychological enhancement(69), abil-ity/relationship(52), and no-particular motives(10). Of the 8 general areas, personal achievements were shown at the highest rate. Based on the results of the research so far, I would like to suggest follow-up research as follows. First, the motivation for university taekwondo poomsae athletes to participate in the competition was only ex-pected to be natural, but there were more factors than winning. If we understand these diverse motivations well, we will be able to conduct strategic research to promote the competition. Second, although the study was con-ducted only on university poomsae players, it is believed that comparative analysis of the motivation for partici-pation in competitions between ages would be possible if the study was conducted on taekwondo fighters and other age groups. In particular, meaningful research could be done because the sport of poomsae has the special characteristics of athletes of all ages, from college students to those in their 60s or older. Third, if research is done to find ways to solve difficulties and difficulties in participating in the competition, rather than the motivation for college taekwondo poomsae athletes, an effective alternative to mid-life or retirement could be made.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Taekwondo, Poomsae Competition, Motives for Participation, College Taekwondo Poomsae Athletes